What Is an Endoscopic Gastric Balloon?
Among various obesity treatment methods, there are not only bariatric surgical interventions but also non-surgical techniques. One of these non-surgical options is the endoscopic gastric balloon. This technique places a balloon in the stomach using an endoscope, without making any incisions in the stomach or altering the intestinal structure.
Initially, the endoscopic gastric balloon was used to help patients reach a safer weight before bariatric surgery. Over time, however, it became both a preoperative tool and an alternative procedure for weight loss on its own. Especially for patients diagnosed with morbid obesity, the first step may sometimes be inserting a gastric balloon to achieve some weight loss before attempting a more complex operation. For other patients, the endoscopic gastric balloon can be a stand-alone method of weight loss that does not require surgery.
Your doctor will decide which weight-loss approach is best for you based on your physical condition and medical tests. For individuals at high surgical risk—or those who are reluctant to undergo a traditional operation—the endoscopic gastric balloon can be a good option. Pricing may differ depending on the surgeon and the clinic performing the procedure.
How Is the Endoscopic Gastric Balloon Inserted?
Many people curious about non-surgical weight-loss methods ask, “How is the endoscopic gastric balloon placed?” To ensure the patient does not feel pain, a sedation (mild anesthesia) is administered before the procedure. During the endoscopy, your doctor can also check for potential stomach issues like ulcers or hiatal hernias. If such problems exist, the balloon procedure may have to be postponed until those issues are resolved. If there are no contraindications, the balloon is placed according to standard endoscopic practice.
The procedure itself takes no more than 10 minutes. Afterward, patients generally do well; however, mild nausea often begins about 6 hours post-insertion. In such cases, your doctor can prescribe medications for nausea or vomiting. Usually, there is no overnight hospital stay unless other health issues or the doctor’s judgment indicates further observation. The balloon remains in the stomach for a variable period, typically between 6 and 8 months. Removal timing is determined by your medical provider’s assessment.
Who Is a Candidate for an Endoscopic Gastric Balloon?
Non-surgical gastric balloon placement may be suitable for:
- Individuals who are afraid of or ineligible for surgery
- Patients requiring weight loss prior to bariatric surgery
- People with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 35+, or patients at BMI ≥ 30 who also have related health issues (such as hypertension, diabetes, etc.)
Your doctor evaluates your BMI, medical status, and overall health to decide if this option is appropriate.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Endoscopic Gastric Balloon
The endoscopic gastric balloon is frequently compared to bariatric surgery, with questions about how much weight one can lose and how it differs from surgical options. Generally, patient feedback is positive, especially if the balloon was placed by a skilled medical team. Here are some key advantages:
- No incisions in the stomach, so risks like bleeding and leaks are minimal.
- Very short hospital stay (often none) compared to surgery.
- If any complication arises, the balloon can be removed relatively easily.
- Because there is no resection or rerouting of the digestive tract, side effects are fewer.
- The procedure is generally more affordable than a full surgical intervention.
Potential risks, although rare, may include balloon leakage or bleeding, but these incidents are uncommon under an experienced doctor’s care.
Diet and Nutrition After the Balloon Procedure
After an endoscopic gastric balloon insertion, following the recommended diet and exercise plan is crucial. If you adhere to a structured diet and remain active, you can reach your ideal weight more smoothly. The post-balloon diet typically progresses through liquid, soft, and eventually solid foods:
- Liquids: Clear tea, herbal tea, diluted juices
- Soft Foods: Purées of cooked vegetables, fruits, or meats
- Solid Foods: After your stomach has adapted and your doctor/dietitian gives the go-ahead
During meals, avoid drinking fluids. It’s best to stop fluid intake at least 30 minutes before eating, then wait 30 minutes after eating before resuming fluids. Also, thorough chewing of food is critical, as it aids digestion and prevents discomfort.
Possible Risks and Side Effects
The risks and side effects of the endoscopic gastric balloon are typically lower than those associated with surgical interventions, especially when performed by an experienced professional. Some patients experience nausea or vomiting in the first few days, but these symptoms often resolve as the body adjusts. Although rare, balloon deflation can happen. To facilitate early detection, the balloon is often filled with a special tinted fluid (such as a blue dye). If the balloon deflates, your urine may turn blue, prompting immediate medical consultation to have the balloon removed and prevent an intestinal blockage.
Expected Weight Loss
Many patients wonder, “How much weight can I lose with a gastric balloon?” The answer varies significantly from one person to another. Weight loss depends on strict adherence to a healthy diet and regular physical activity. Once the balloon is removed, continuing the same healthy lifestyle can help you maintain your weight loss. Without positive dietary and exercise habits, weight regain is very likely.
Lifestyle Changes and Long-Term Results
Successful weight loss with the gastric balloon also requires you to commit to a healthier lifestyle. While the balloon is in place, you’ll likely feel fuller faster; however, if you return to unhealthy eating patterns once the balloon is removed, any lost weight can be quickly regained. Thus, it’s essential to embrace improved dietary habits and adopt regular exercise as a lifelong routine. With dedicated effort, the first month can often yield a 10–15 kg drop—though results vary among individuals.
